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The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) defines spaceflight as any flight above , a definition recognized by every country. In the 1960s, the United States Department of Defense awarded the rating of astronaut to military and civilian pilots who flew aircraft higher than . This list follows the FAI criterion. From the Department of Defense, eight USAF and NASA pilots qualified for the Astronaut Badge by flying the sub-orbital X-15 rocket spaceplane.〔 One of these pilots, Joseph A. Walker, flew the X-15 above 100 km on two flights, becoming the first person to enter space twice. However, the other pilots did not reach the 100 km FAI limit. All other men and women traveled to outer space in non-winged rockets, the orbital space shuttle, or the sub-orbital Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne rocket spaceplane.〔 People who died training for space travel or died during missions that failed to reach the required altitude such as Christa McAuliffe can be found in the article on space disasters. , a total of 536 people from 38 countries have gone into space according to the FAI guideline (543 people have qualified when including the US Department of Defense classification). Of the 536, three people completed only a sub-orbital flight, 533 people reached Earth orbit, 24 traveled beyond low Earth orbit and 12 walked on the Moon. Space travelers have spent over 29,000 person-days (or a cumulative total of over 77 years) in space including over 100 person-days of spacewalks.〔Manned astronautics: facts and figures, http://space.kursknet.ru/cosmos/english/other/stat_kk.sht, Alexander Anikeev, September 11, 2006, accessed September 15, 2006〕 *Names in ''italic'' are space travelers who have left Low Earth orbit. *National flags indicate the space traveler's citizenship at the time of flight(s). *A 15px before a name denotes space travelers who have . *A 15px before a name denotes that the person died during spaceflight, or during an attempted spaceflight. *A before a name denotes a female space traveler. *A 15px before a name denotes that the person is currently in space. __NOTOC__ ==A== * Joseph M. Acaba * Loren Acton * James Adamson * / Viktor M. Afanasyev * Aydyn Aimbetov, first KazCosmos cosmonaut in space. * Thomas Akers * Toyohiro Akiyama, the first business-sponsored space traveler and the first Japanese person in space. * Vladimir Aksyonov * Sultan Salman Al Saud, first Saudi Arabian in space, only royal person in space, first middle eastern person in space. * 15px ''Edwin Buzz Aldrin'' (born 1930), flew on Apollo 11 and was the second person to walk on the Moon. * Aleksandr Panayotov Aleksandrov * Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov * Andrew M. Allen * Joseph P. Allen * Scott Altman * ''William Anders'', first Asian-born person in space. (Anders was born in Hong Kong, but was an American citizen.) * Clayton Anderson * 15px Michael P. Anderson, (1959–2003), died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. *(Claudie André-Deshays - see Claudie Haigneré) * Anousheh Ansari (born 1966), fourth spaceflight participant and first female spaceflight participant, first female Muslim in space, and first Iranian in space. * Dominic A. Antonelli * Jerome Apt * Lee Archambault * 15px ''Neil Armstrong'' (1930–2012), flew on Apollo 11 and was the first person to walk on the Moon. * Richard R. Arnold * Oleg Artemyev * Anatoly Artsebarsky * Yuri Artyukhin (1930–1998) * Jeffrey Ashby * Oleg Atkov * Toktar Aubakirov, first Kazakh born person in space. * Sergei Avdeyev 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of space travelers by name」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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